Kawlram tuanbia zohthannak(1886-1974)
by Salai Biak Lian Sang Mirang nih Kawlram a rak tuk i kum(60) chung tiawk in arak uk. Mah khawh cun kum (14) chung cu democracy phung lam in rak i uk a si. Newin hruainak tang ah ralkap ukning le Socialist(totalitarian) uknak tang ah kum (26) chung rak um a si. 1988 kum Kawlram mipi buainak hlanlo chung kum 26 chung cu Newin lawngte nih ram arak um peng. A mah nih ram a uk chung ah hin, Kawlram chawlehnak' sipuazi' atla tuk hring hran caah 1987 kum ah hin Kawlram cu vawlei cung ah a thangcholo cemmi ram "The Least Developed Country" a si tiah UN nih a rak thanh. 1988 buainak hi khawika setinn dah aa thawk? Kum (20) renglo mipi nih an tuarkhawh tilonak tibang in a hung liam i, meitlang bang a hung puah hi a si.
Mirang Koloni chan
Kawlram hi mirang nih ral vuihnih a tuk i a vuithumnak a tuknak 1886 kum ah, Mirang nih Kawlram cu an rak lak dih i, 1886 January thla ah hin, British Emperor chung ah khumhchih asi cang tiah rak thanh a si. Cu ti cun 1886 - 1948 January tiang kum (61) chung Mirang uknak tang ah rak um a si. Mirang uknak a dih lei sang ah hin Japan nih kum (3) chung 1942-1945 tiang a rak uk. Mirang uknak chan hi ralkap uknak tiawk a si. Cun Japan chan zong hi ralkap uknak thotho a rak si.
Democratic Republic Chan
Kawlram cu 1948 kum ah Mirang kut in zalennak a rak hmuh i, a hmuh khawh le cang ka in a cozah thar pakhat an ser. Cu cozah ah cun tlangcung mi zong i tel khawh a si. A pakhatnak cem Kawlram ah president a rak tuan mi cu Sao Shwe Taik timi Shan Sawbua a si. Priminister a rak tuan mi cu U Nu a si.
1948 in 1962 tiang hi Parliamentary Democracy timi Phunglam in rak i uk a si. Mah hi kum (14) chung lawng lawng hi Kawlram tuanbia ah Democracy timi cu a rak um bal. Vawlei cung aa sem ka, Kawlram aa serka tein nihin ni tiang Kawlram ah Democracy phung cu kum 14 lawng bak a rak um bal ti hi hmuh khawh a si. Hi kum 14 Democracy uknak chan ah hin Tlangcung mi hna nih MP an rak i ngeih cio. Biana ah...Chinland cu Chin miphun a si mi hruaitu hna lawng nih an rak uk ve i Pu Vomtu Mawng hi a pakhatnak a rak si.
Mah hi kum 14 Democracy chan ah hin Kawlram cu a rak dai kho lo. Heh tiah ral a rak tho. A cozah cu "Rangoon cozah" ti tiang inn rak auh a si. Karen, Shan le Kachin miphun hna nih mah tein i uknak ding caah ral an rak tho. Hi kum 14 uknak chung ah hin Kawl miphun nih tlangcung mi caah khuakhan lairelnak um lo in, Aungsan lio ah biakam kha an rak let caah mah tihin ral an rak thawhnak asi ti asi. Tlangcung mi hna nih hriamtleih in an doh hna len ah an mah Kawlmi chung lila ah Communist party then hnih ah aa then i hriam an tleih ve i ral an rak tho ve. Mah cu thawk in nihin ni tiang tlangcung mi hna ral an thawh cuahmah mi hi a si. Cu caah cun mifim cheukhat nih Kawlram hi "Civil War" timi ramchung ralthawhnak timi chung ah a um ti hi a si.
Newin cozah chan
1962 kum ah hin Newin nih uknak a rak lak. A nih hi ralkap lutlai a rak si. U Nu nih chitkhat ramven ding ah rian a pek lio ah a lak beh i a tum ti lo. Cun, tlangcung mi hna le a dang politik a thei deuh mi paoh cu thong a thlak dih hna. Mi cheu cu a rak thah hna. Mah hi kum hi tlangcung mi hna nih mah miphun a si mi uktu hna an ngeih ti lonak a hram ai thawk mi cu a si. Nihin tiang aa pehpeng mi Ralkap uknak ai thawknak a si. Newin a vun kai ka ah hin ralkap uknak bak a hman cawlh. Mah khawh cun 1962-1974 tiang Revolutionary Council timi Tawhlanyi Asoeyah, timi in an rak um. Mah hi chan ah hin Kawlram i sehzung le phaisa hmunak paoh poah cu cozah ta ah an rak ser dih. Kawlram chawlehnak vialte Ne Win ta ah ai cang dih tiawk tlak tiang a rak si. Ne Win nih Kawlram mipi phaisa cu a mah rumnak caah a rak i hman dih ai.
1974 kum ah hin Newin nih cun "Burma Way of Socialism" timi Socialist uknak phung a vun hman. Party pakhat lawng in rak um ding in khua an rak khan. Newin cu a ralkap angki aa phawih i misawhsawh angki "Taik pung" a rak i thleng. A Mah he ralkap bawi tampi hna cu ralkap angki an i phawih i ithimnak"election" an rak lut. An election belte cu democracy phunglam ning in mipi duhnak hawih in tuahmi a rak si lo.Cu ti cun 1974-1988 tiang cu Socialist phung in Kawlram cu rak i uk a si. Socialist phung ti mi cu Democracy he aa ral chan ngai mi phunghram a si. Ram chung ah party pakhat lawng bak a um. Cu party lawng nih cun uknak an tleih dih. Mah caah cun mitlawm te nih mipi uknak ti khawh asi. Cozah ta, cozah thil, cozah tamah ti phun lawng te a rak si. Private in thil tampi tuah awk a rak tha lo. Mah hi chan nihhin Kawlram cun tumchuk nak lei ah a rak tlak pi thluah mah.
Ne Win: Kawlram a muichiatter tu (1962-1988)
Ne Win hi Kawlram muihnak chung ah a luh pi tu a si ti awk a tlak. Kawlram chung um mipi vialte Kawlralkap sal ah a can tertu a si ti hi alawk ttha lo in a um. Democracy phung ning in a rak um mi ram kha sersiam si loin a rak rawh ter chin tu a si. Democracy timi ramuknak phunghram a ttha ngai mi cu Ralkap uknak lei ah ahnu ah a kirpi than. A hnu ah Socialist uknak in a rak rulh than.
A nih hi duhlonak araklanghter mi sianghngakchia le mipi thahnak le sersetnak lam a rak sial hmasa tu a si. 1962 kum ah Newin hruaimi ralkap nih uknak an rak lak tik ah sianghngakchai nih zalam an rak zawhi an duhlonak an rak langhter. Cu lio ah cun Kawlram President a rak si mi Shan miphun Sao Shwe Taik i a fapa cu meithal in thilak in a rak kah ter hna.
July 7 1962 ni ah hin Rangoon University Sianghngakchia hna nih Sianginn Kawngkau a thatlonak kawng ah an duhlonak an rak langhter. Newin hruaimi ralkap nih an rak thio hna i an rak kah hna. Sianghngakchia 100 hrawng an rak thah hna pin ah a thaizing ah Yangon University Student Union Building timi cu bomb in a rak puah hnawh i a rak i rawk dih.
U Tant Ayiakhin: U Thanh a yekhin timi hi kan theih tawn hna nain, afiang deuh in vun theih ding ah..U Tanh cu UN General Secretary(1961-1971) tiang a rak tuan. A nih hi Democratic a si mi U Nu he aa pehtlai mi an si caah Newin nih a rak rem lo. Newin nih hin a rak hnah chuah ngai i U Thanh Kawlram atlawn caan hna ah upat a pe ballo ti a si. U Thanh hi 1974 November thla 25 ni ah arak thi. A thihnak hmun cu US ram New York khua ah a si. Cuap zawtnak in a thih mi a si.
A ruak cu Kawlram ah an rak kiar pi. Ruakvui ding a si tik ah Newin nih tthathi tein ruakvuih piaknak arak tuah duh lo. Mi sawhsawh bantuk in ruakvui ding a rak ti. Pumhkhawmhnak hmanh tuah a rak senh hna lo. December 5, 1974 ni ah minung thawng tampi nih U Thanh ruak thlah ding ah an rak i thawh. A ruak cu an vui deuh hlan ah RUSU(Rangoon University Student Union) nih a ruak cu an lak i Ne Win nih bomh in arak puahmi RUSU Building thing ah an rak phum. December 5 - 11 tiang Rangoon khua ah, RUSU hna hruainak in Newin cozah duhlonak kawng biachimnak an rak tuah. December 11 ni ah cun Newin ralkap pawl nih duhlonak arak langhter mi mipi hna cu meithal in an rak kah hna, an rak thio hna. U Thant ruak cu duak an thial i Shwedegon pura hram ah an rak phum. Mipi an thin a rak runh chin chin caah Rangoon khuachung zalam kip ah mipi thawng tampi nih an duhlonak an rak langhter. Mah cu cu U Thant Aye akhin (U Thanh Crisis) tiah theih a si. U Thanh a thihtik ah a mah philh lonak ah UN head quater, New York khuapawng a um mi tikulh pakhat cu U Thanh tikulh tiah a min sak a si.
[Theihternak: Acunglei cabia hi Wikipedia “Burma” timi chung ah Kawlram tuanbia an tial mi chung in aherhdeuh mi hna ka khawmh sut i, aa tlak ning le mi lung lut deuh ding in cabia pakhat ah ka sermi a si.]
Bamaram le Union of Burma tuanbia na tialmi ka rel I a tha ngaite, a mah belte tuNbia kan tial vekvek ah cun hrelh lo tein tiL khawh hi a biapi ngaingai, bianaah... 1958 ah ralkap Ne Win kut ah uknak an rak pek nak le 1961 ah thimnak an tuah thannak 1962 ah Ne Win nih hramhram in uknak a laaknak kong te hna khi tling deuh in tialchih khawh ah cun a th ngaingai hnga.